5.1 Modernise Operational Systems

Existing operating tools and protocols must evolve to manage real-time conditions in a system where variable generation and distributed energy resources grow and new demand patterns emerge. This recommendation calls for modern operational tools, standards and protocols, stronger forecasting and emergency preparedness, robust operational cybersecurity, and coordination across the transmission-distribution boundary. Together, these changes allow power systems to maintain or strenghten reliability and cost-effectiveness as complexity rises.